Need a holiday…

• Data and Time Showing
• Controlling DC Motor from/using parallel port
• Controlling Stepper Motor from/using parallel port

#1 – Data and Time Showing

;—————————————–
;— TERM PROJECT                      —
;— LECTURE: MICROPROCESSORS          —
;— LECTURER: HOSSEIN MEHRABANI       —
;— CODED BY: SAMET KILICTAS          —
;— STUDENT NUMBER: 20040283          —
;— E-MAIL: SAMET@KILICTAS.COM        —
;— CYPRUS INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY   —
;— 26-05-2008                        —
;—————————————–
;THE REQUIRED MACROS FOR PROGRAM—————————
;———————————————————-
CURS_POSITION     MACRO ROW,COLUMN
MOV BH,00
MOV AH,02
MOV DH,ROW
MOV DL,COLUMN
INT 10H
ENDM
;———————————————————-
CLS_SCREEN MACRO
MOV AX,0600H
mov bh,00
mov bh,0ah
MOV CX,0
MOV DX,184FH
INT 10H
ENDM
;———————————————————-
SHOW_INSCREEN MACRO STRING
MOV AH,09
MOV DX,OFFSET STRING

INT 21H
ENDM
;———————————————————-
;PROGRAM STARTS FROM THIS POINT
;———————————————————-
.MODEL HUGE
.STACK 9000
.DATA
Table DB “00$”,”01$”,”02$”,”03$”,”04$”,”05$”,”06$”,”07$”,”08$”,”09$”
DB “10$”,”11$”,”12$”,”13$”,”14$”,”15$”,”16$”,”17$”,”18$”,”19$”
DB “20$”,”21$”,”22$”,”23$”,”24$”,”25$”,”26$”,”27$”,”28$”,”29$”
DB “30$”,”31$”,”32$”,”33$”,”34$”,”35$”,”36$”,”37$”,”38$”,”39$”
DB “40$”,”41$”,”42$”,”43$”,”44$”,”45$”,”46$”,”47$”,”48$”,”49$”
DB “50$”,”51$”,”52$”,”53$”,”54$”,”55$”,”56$”,”57$”,”58$”,”59$”
mm  DB “:$”
mm2  DB “/$”
Date  DB “Date: $”
Time  DB “   Time: $”
Century DB “20$”
CONSTANTV  DB 3
MSG1 DB ‘PROJECT : DISPLAYING THE PROCESSORS DATE AND TIME ON MONITOR’,'$’
MSG2 DB ‘LECTURE : MICROPROCESSORS [LECTURER : HOSSEIN MEHRABANI]‘,’$’
MSG3 DB ‘CODING  : SAMET KILICTAS [NO -> 20040283] [CYPRUS INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY]‘,’$’
MSG4 DB ‘MOTOR STATUS :’,'$’
MSG5 DB ‘PRESS H BUTTON FOR INSTRCONSTANTVTIONS…’,'$’
MSG6 DB ‘DIRECTION :  ?’,'$’
MSG7 DB ‘SPEED  : ?’,'$’
MSG8 DB ‘EMAIL   : samet@kilictas.com’,'$’
MSG9 DB ‘Good Bye..! ’,'$’
.CODE
MAIN PROC
MOV AX,@DATA
PUSH AX
POP DS

;**************************************************************************
; Show main screen

MAINSCREEN:
CLS_SCREEN
CURS_POSITION 2,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG1
CURS_POSITION 3,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG2
CURS_POSITION 4,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG3
CURS_POSITION 5,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG8

;**************************************************************************

CURS_POSITION 13,24
SHOW_INSCREEN Date

MOV AH,04h  ; 04h function to get date information
INT 1Ah

MOV AL,DL ; Here DL gives me the day information
MUL CONSTANTV
MOV DI,AX
LEA DX,Table[DI]
MOV AH,09h
INT 21h

SHOW_INSCREEN mm2

MOV AH,04h  ; 04h function to get date information
INT 1Ah

MOV AL,DH ; Here DH gives me the month information
MUL CONSTANTV
MOV DI,AX
LEA DX,Table[DI]
MOV AH,09h
INT 21h

SHOW_INSCREEN mm2

SHOW_INSCREEN Century

MOV AH,04h  ; 04h function to get date information
INT 1Ah

MOV AL,CL ; Here CL gives me the year information
MUL CONSTANTV
MOV DI,AX
LEA DX,Table[DI]
MOV AH,09h
INT 21h

;**************************************************************************

SHOW_INSCREEN Time

MOV AH,2Ch  ; 2Ch function to get time information
INT 21h

MOV AL,CH ; Here CH gives me the hour information
MUL CONSTANTV
MOV DI,AX
LEA DX,Table[DI]
MOV AH,09h
INT 21h

SHOW_INSCREEN mm

MOV AL,CL ; Here CH gives me the minute information
MUL CONSTANTV
MOV DI,AX
LEA DX,Table[DI]
MOV AH,09h
INT 21h

CURS_POSITION 50,15

;**************************************************************************

GOODBYE:
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21h
MAIN ENDP
END MAIN

#2 – Controlling DC Motor from/using parallel port

HOLD MACRO
MOV AH,07
INT 21H
ENDM

WAY MACRO VALUE
MOV DX,378H
MOV AL,VALUE
OUT DX,AL
ENDM

CLR MACRO
MOV AX,0600H
MOV BH,00
MOV BH,1fh
MOV CX,0
MOV DX,184fh
INT 10H
ENDM

CURSOR MACRO ROW,COLUMN
MOV BH,00
MOV AH,02
MOV DH,ROW
MOV DL,COLUMN
INT 10H
ENDM

DSPLY MACRO STRING
MOV AH,09
MOV DX,OFFSET STRING
INT 21H
ENDM

.MODEL SMALL
.STACK 64
.DATA

Message1 DB ‘CHOOSE AN OPTION’,'$’
Message2 DB ‘DC MOTOR CONTROL’,'$’
Message3 DB ‘PRESS G FOR TURN THE DC MOTOR TO Counter Clockwise’,'$’
Message4 DB ‘PRESS D FOR TURN THE DC MOTOR TO Clockwise’,'$’
Message5 DB ‘PRESS V FOR STOP THE DC MOTOR’,'$’
Message6 DB ‘Choose an Operation from Menu’,'$’
Message7 DB ‘Counter Clockwise’,'$’
Message8 DB ‘Clockwise         ‘,’$’
Message9 DB ‘Stopped      ‘,’$’

TurnRight EQU  00100101B
TurnLeft  EQU  00011101B
STOP  EQU  00001111B

.CODE

MAIN:
here:    MOV AX,@DATA
MOV DS,AX
CALL Choice
CMP AL,’g’
CALL Left
CMP AL,’d’
CALL Right
CMP AL,’v’
CALL Away

Choice:
CLR
CURSOR 3,20
DSPLY Message2
CURSOR 6,10
DSPLY Message3
CURSOR 8,10
DSPLY Message4
CURSOR 10,10
DSPLY Message5
CURSOR 15,12
DSPLY Message6
HOLD
RET

Left:
CURSOR 17,12
DSPLY Message7
WAY TurnLeft
CURSOR 19,12
DSPLY Message1
HOLD
RET

Right:
CURSOR 17,12
DSPLY Message8
WAY TurnRight
CURSOR 19,12
DSPLY Message1
HOLD
RET

Away:
CURSOR 17,12
DSPLY Message9
CURSOR 21,12
JMP quit
RET

quit:    WAY STOP
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
END MAIN

#3 – Controlling Stepper Motor from/using parallel port

;—————————————–
;— TERM PROJECT                      —
;— STEPPER MOTOR WITH 7 SEGMENT      —
;— LECTURE: MICROPROCESSORS          —
;— LECTURER: HOSSEIN MEHRABANI       —
;— CODED BY: SAMET KILICTAS          —
;— STUDENT NUMBER: 20040283          —
;— E-MAIL: SAMET@KILICTAS.COM        —
;— CYPRUS INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY   —
;— 26-05-2008                        —
;—————————————–
;THE REQUIRED MACROS FOR PROGRAM—————————
;———————————————————-
CURS_POSITION     MACRO ROW,COLUMN
MOV BH,00
MOV AH,02
MOV DH,ROW
MOV DL,COLUMN
INT 10H
ENDM
;———————————————————-
CLS_SCREEN MACRO
MOV AX,0600H
mov bh,00
mov bh,0ah
MOV CX,0
MOV DX,184FH
INT 10H
ENDM
;———————————————————-
SHOW_INSCREEN MACRO STRING
MOV AH,09
MOV DX,OFFSET STRING
INT 21H
ENDM
;———————————————————-
PINS_OUT MACRO SEND
MOV CX,SEND
;AND CL,0fh
;OR CL,CONSTANTBCD
MOV DX,378H
MOV AL,OFFSET SEND
OUT DX,AL
ENDM
;———————————————————-
;PROGRAM STARTS FROM THIS POINT
;———————————————————-
.MODEL HUGE
.STACK 2000
.DATA
INSTMSG1 DB ‘INTRUCTIONS:’,'$’
INSTMSG2 DB ‘SPEED UP: W’,'$’
INSTMSG3 DB ‘SPEED DOWN: S’,'$’
INSTMSG4 DB ‘FORWARD: D’,'$’
INSTMSG5 DB ‘BACKWARD: A’,'$’
INSTMSG6 DB ’7 SEGMENT TEST: T BUTTON’,'$’
INSTMSG7 DB ‘EXIT: E BUTTON’,'$’
INSTMSG8 DB ‘PRESS B BUTTON TO MAIN MENU’,'$’
INSTMSG9 DB ‘PAUSE: P’,'$’
H_SYMBOL DB ‘———————————————’,'$’
MSG1 DB ‘PROJECT : STEPPER CONTROLLER WITH 7 SEGMENT DISPLAY’,'$’
MSG2 DB ‘LECTURE : MICROPROCESSORS [LECTURER : HOSSEIN MEHRABANI]‘,’$’
MSG3 DB ‘CODING  : SAMET KILICTAS [NO -> 20040283] [CYPRUS INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY]‘,’$’
MSG4 DB ‘MOTOR STATUS :’,'$’
MSG5 DB ‘PRESS H BUTTON FOR INSTRUCTIONS…’,'$’
MSG6 DB ‘DIRECTION :  ?’,'$’
MSG7 DB ‘SPEED  : ?’,'$’
MSG8 DB ‘EMAIL   : samet@kilictas.com’,'$’
MSG9 DB ‘Good Bye..! ’,'$’
MSG_DELETE DB ‘?                                 ‘,’$’
MSG10 DB ’7 SEGMENT TEST MODE: ?’,'$’
MSG11 DB ‘ON ‘,’$’
MSG12 DB ‘OFF’,'$’
STARTED DB ‘RUNNING, PLEASE WAIT!’,'$’
STOPPED DB ‘STOPPED!                ‘,’$’
DIRECTION_FORWARD DB ‘Clockwise          ‘,’$’
DIRECTION_BACKWARD DB ‘Counter Clockwise’,'$’
DIRECTION_SIDE DB 1
INTSCREEN_MODE DB 1                ; Default is forward
COUNT DB 20 ; How many step u need ??????
CONSTANTBCD DB 00010000B
SHOWSPEED DB 0
zero DB    ’1 -> 1000MS DELAY’,'$’
one DB ’2 -> 800MS DELAY ‘,’$’
two DB ’3 -> 700MS DELAY ‘,’$’
three DB ’4 -> 600MS DELAY ‘,’$’
four DB    ’5 -> 500MS DELAY ‘,’$’
five DB    ’6 -> 400MS DELAY ‘,’$’
six DB ’7 -> 300MS DELAY ‘,’$’
seven DB ’8 -> 200MS DELAY ‘,’$’
eight DB ’9 -> 100MS DELAY ‘,’$’
;———————–
.CODE
MAIN:    MOV AX,@DATA
MOV DS,AX

;*********************************
; Show main screen

MAINSCREEN:
CLS_SCREEN
CURS_POSITION 2,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG1
CURS_POSITION 3,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG2
CURS_POSITION 4,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG3
CURS_POSITION 5,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG8
CURS_POSITION 12,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG4
CURS_POSITION 13,2
SHOW_INSCREEN H_SYMBOL
CURS_POSITION 14,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG6
CURS_POSITION 15,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG7
CURS_POSITION 16,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG10
CURS_POSITION 22,2
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG5
CURS_POSITION 30,2
MOV INTSCREEN_MODE,1

;*****************************************************************
; Important jump point is here **********************************

CHECKPOINT:

; Get input from the keyboard
MOV AH,07
INT 21H

; Save the input
MOV BL,AL ; Save AL to BL (i.e. The Ascii value of the key hit)

; Check the input character ?????  What i should do ????
CMP BL,’H'    ;H Button
JNE H1
JMP INSTSCREEN
H1:    CMP BL,’h’
JNE H2
JMP INSTSCREEN
H2:    CMP BL,’P'    ;P Button
JNE P1
JMP PAUSE
P1:    CMP BL,’p’
JNE P2
JMP PAUSE
P2:    CMP BL,’E'    ;E Button
JNE E1
JMP GOODBYE
E1:    CMP BL,’e’
JNE E2
JMP GOODBYE
E2:    CMP BL,’B'    ;B Button
JNE B1
JMP MAINSCREEN
B1:    CMP BL,’b’
JNE B2
JMP MAINSCREEN
B2:    CMP BL,’W'    ;W Button
JNE W1
JMP SPEEDUP
W1:    CMP BL,’w’
JNE W2
JMP SPEEDUP
W2:    CMP BL,’S'    ;S Button
JNE S1
JMP SPEEDDOWN
S1:    CMP BL,’s’
JNE S2
JMP SPEEDDOWN
S2:    CMP BL,’D'    ;D Button
JNE D1
JMP FORWARD
D1:    CMP BL,’d’
JNE D2
JMP FORWARD
D2:    CMP BL,’A'    ;A Button
JNE A1
JMP BACKWARD
A1:    CMP BL,’a’
JNE A2
JMP BACKWARD
A2:    CMP BL,’T'    ;T Button
JNE T1
JMP SEGMENTTEST
T1:    CMP BL,’t’
JNE M
JMP SEGMENTTEST

; If no key exists jump to the mainscreen..!
M:    JMP CHECKPOINT

;*********************************
; Show instruction screen

INSTSCREEN:
CLS_SCREEN
CURS_POSITION 2,2
SHOW_INSCREEN INSTMSG1
CURS_POSITION 3,2
SHOW_INSCREEN H_SYMBOL
CURS_POSITION 4,2
SHOW_INSCREEN INSTMSG2
CURS_POSITION 5,2
SHOW_INSCREEN INSTMSG3
CURS_POSITION 6,2
SHOW_INSCREEN INSTMSG4
CURS_POSITION 7,2
SHOW_INSCREEN INSTMSG5
CURS_POSITION 8,2
SHOW_INSCREEN INSTMSG6
CURS_POSITION 9,2
SHOW_INSCREEN INSTMSG7
CURS_POSITION 10,2
SHOW_INSCREEN INSTMSG9
CURS_POSITION 15,2
SHOW_INSCREEN INSTMSG8
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV INTSCREEN_MODE,2
MOV AL,00
JMP CHECKPOINT

;*********************************
;All system paused

PAUSE:
PINS_OUT 11110000B
CURS_POSITION 16,25
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG12
CURS_POSITION 50,50
JMP CHECKPOINT

;*********************************
; Speed up

SPEEDUP:
CMP SHOWSPEED,8
JE NOG
ADD SHOWSPEED,1
NOG:    CMP SHOWSPEED,0
JNE aaaa
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN zero
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,00010000B
PINS_OUT 00010000B
JMP NOU
aaaa:    CMP SHOWSPEED,1
JNE qqq
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN one
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,00100000B
PINS_OUT 00100000B
JMP NOU
qqq:    CMP SHOWSPEED,2
JNE www
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN two
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,00110000B
PINS_OUT 00110000B
JMP NOU
www:    CMP SHOWSPEED,3
JNE eee
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN three
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,01000000B
PINS_OUT 01000000B
JMP NOU
eee:    CMP SHOWSPEED,4
JNE rrr
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN four
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,01010000B
PINS_OUT 01010000B
JMP NOU
rrr:    CMP SHOWSPEED,5
JNE ttt
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN five
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,01100000B
PINS_OUT 01100000B
JMP NOU
ttt:    CMP SHOWSPEED,6
JNE yyy
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN six
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,01110000B
PINS_OUT 01110000B
JMP NOU
yyy:    CMP SHOWSPEED,7
JNE uuu
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN seven
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,10000000B
PINS_OUT 10000000B
JMP NOU
uuu:    CMP SHOWSPEED,8
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN eight
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,10010000B
PINS_OUT 10010000B
NOU:
JMP CHECKPOINT

;*********************************
; Speed down

SPEEDDOWN:
CMP SHOWSPEED,0
JE NOGG
SUB SHOWSPEED,1
NOGG:    CMP SHOWSPEED,0
JNE aaaaa
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN zero
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,00010000B
PINS_OUT 00010000B
JMP NOUU
aaaaa:    CMP SHOWSPEED,1
JNE qqqq
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN one
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,00100000B
PINS_OUT 00100000B
JMP NOUU
qqqq:    CMP SHOWSPEED,2
JNE wwww
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN two
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,00110000B
PINS_OUT 00110000B
JMP NOUU
wwww:    CMP SHOWSPEED,3
JNE eeee
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN three
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,01000000B
PINS_OUT 01000000B
JMP NOUU
eeee:    CMP SHOWSPEED,4
JNE rrrr
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN four
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,01010000B
PINS_OUT 01010000B
JMP NOUU
rrrr:    CMP SHOWSPEED,5
JNE tttt
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN five
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,01100000B
PINS_OUT 01100000B
JMP NOUU
tttt:    CMP SHOWSPEED,6
JNE yyyy
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN six
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,01110000B
PINS_OUT 01110000B
JMP NOUU
yyyy:    CMP SHOWSPEED,7
JNE uuuu
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN seven
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,10000000B
PINS_OUT 10000000B
JMP NOUU
uuuu:    CMP SHOWSPEED,8
CURS_POSITION 15,11
SHOW_INSCREEN eight
CURS_POSITION 50,50
MOV CONSTANTBCD,10010000B
PINS_OUT 10010000B
NOUU:
JMP CHECKPOINT

;*********************************
; Show me the step pleasee….

;Forward —
STF:    MOV COUNT,20
STEPSF:    CALL DELAY
PINS_OUT 10100011B
CALL DELAY
PINS_OUT 11110110B
CALL DELAY
PINS_OUT 10101100B
CALL DELAY
PINS_OUT 11111001B
DEC COUNT
CMP COUNT,0
JE F
LOOP STEPSF
F:    CURS_POSITION 12,18
SHOW_INSCREEN STOPPED
CURS_POSITION 14,15
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG_DELETE
CURS_POSITION 50,50
JMP CHECKPOINT
RET

;Backward —

STB:    MOV COUNT,20
STEPSB:    CALL DELAY
PINS_OUT 10111001B
CALL DELAY
PINS_OUT 11111100B
CALL DELAY
PINS_OUT 10110110B
CALL DELAY
PINS_OUT 11110011B
DEC COUNT
CMP COUNT,0
JE B
LOOP STEPSB
B:    CURS_POSITION 12,18
SHOW_INSCREEN STOPPED
CURS_POSITION 14,15
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG_DELETE
CURS_POSITION 50,50
JMP CHECKPOINT
RET

;*********************************
; System little forward please

FORWARD:
MOV DIRECTION_SIDE,1
CURS_POSITION 14,15
SHOW_INSCREEN DIRECTION_FORWARD
CURS_POSITION 12,18
SHOW_INSCREEN STARTED
CURS_POSITION 50,50
CALL STF
JMP CHECKPOINT

;*********************************
; System little backward please

BACKWARD:
MOV DIRECTION_SIDE,2
CURS_POSITION 14,15
SHOW_INSCREEN DIRECTION_BACKWARD
CURS_POSITION 12,18
SHOW_INSCREEN STARTED
CURS_POSITION 50,50
CALL STB
JMP CHECKPOINT

;*********************************
; Test the 7 segment display

SEGMENTTEST:
PINS_OUT 10000000B
CURS_POSITION 16,25
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG11
CURS_POSITION 50,50
JMP CHECKPOINT

;*********************************
; Delay routines …. which u need it fot stepper motor steps

DELAY:    CMP SHOWSPEED,0
JNE aa
MOV CX,65535
JMP NO
aa:    CMP SHOWSPEED,1
JNE qq
MOV CX,53032
JMP NO
qq:    CMP SHOWSPEED,2
JNE ww
MOV CX,46403
JMP NO
ww:    CMP SHOWSPEED,3
JNE ee
MOV CX,39774
JMP NO
ee:    CMP SHOWSPEED,4
JNE rr
MOV CX,33145
JMP NO
rr:    CMP SHOWSPEED,5
JNE tt
MOV CX,26516
JMP NO
tt:    CMP SHOWSPEED,6
JNE yy
MOV CX,19887
JMP NO
yy:    CMP SHOWSPEED,7
JNE uu
MOV CX,13258
JMP NO
uu:    CMP SHOWSPEED,8
MOV CX,6629

NO:
CALL WAITF
RET

WAITF:    PUSH AX
WAITF1:
IN    AL,61H
AND    AL,10H
CMP    AL,AH
JE    WAITF1
MOV    AH,AL
LOOP    WAITF1
POP    AX
RET
SUB CX,CX
RET

;*********************************
; Print the good bye message

GOODBYE:
CLS_SCREEN
CURS_POSITION 15,25
SHOW_INSCREEN MSG9
CURS_POSITION 30,25
PINS_OUT 11110000B
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
END MAIN

Basically…
we’d like to have a clean and professional, bug-free code.
Most people have different coding styles. And most think that
“the other style” is ugly. We don’t want to force you changing
your style. Here is how we do it and like it:

o) We use capital letters for constants. e.g. define(‘CONSTANT’, 1).
We also use the capital form of TRUE, FALSE and NULL.
This is true for PHP, note that javascript needs lowercase.

o) If a function is described to return bool, expect to get a real bool
(TRUE/FALSE) and not an int (0/1). So please code your functions and
methods that way.

o) Don’t trust the return values from php methods. If they are stated
to return bool, they often return an int (0/1). So don’t directly
return that from your functions, convert to (bool) if necessary.

o) Never ever use echo, print and die and the like inside your methods.
Use return.

o) this applies also for white spaces. if you start your file with anything
(an empty line) before the   considered as output. This makes header() calls impossible (cookie,
session). The same applies for white spaces after the ?> tag. take care!
Even a newline is too much. This is a typical php newbie mistake.

o) Everything should be as os independant as possible. Including windows.

o) Make your code work with PHP version 4.3.0+ and 5.0.5+.
Don’t support php3.

o) Make the php exam. Repeat it from time to time.

http://www.blueshoes.org/en/developer/syntax_exam/

o) Code object oriented. (PHP4)

o) Avoid setting vars in the global scope. If you need one, prefix it.
Example: $GLOBALS['_Bs_MyClass_MyVar'] = ‘foo’;

o) Avoid using things from global scope inside methods. Instead ‘include’
them in the constructor.

o) Prefix classes with Bs_. This is a poor man’s namespace.

o) Name your files like the classes: a class named ‘Bs_Something’ will
have the file name ‘Bs_Something.class.php’.

o) One class per file.

o) References:
Don’t return temporaries by reference.
function &foo() {
return new StdClass(); //this is wrong
return $ret = new StdClass(); //this is wrong too

//this is wrong too. (it works at least in php 4.4.1,
//but who knows, it’s inconsistent, so please don’t use it.)
return $ret =& new StdClass();

$ret =& new StdClass(); return $ret; //this is right
return FALSE; //this is wrong
return $ret = FALSE; //this is wrong
$ret = FALSE; return $ret; //this is right
$classOne =& new StdClass();
$classTwo =& new StdClass();
return (true) ? $classOne : $classTwo; //this is wrong
}
$object =& foo();

Don’t pass temporaries by reference:
function foo(&$param) {}
foo(TRUE); //this is wrong
$param = TRUE; foo($param); //this is wrong

//this is wrong. (it works, but who knows, it’s inconsistent,
//so please don’t use it.)
foo(new StdClass);

$param =& new StdClass(); foo($param); //this is right

Also take care when encapsulating functions:
function foo() { return new StdClass(); }
function bar(&$param) {}
bar(foo()); //this is wrong
$object = foo(); bar($object); //this is right

When you create a new instance of a class, *always* do it by reference:
$object =& new SomeClass();
^—->this one
This is *important*, *important*, *important*!!. Trust me. if you don’t,
you will after having strange bugs in your code and not finding them
for hours.
Also read http://www.zend.com/manual/language.oop.newref.php please.

o) Please use the same coding style as it is already used, if you can.
I know that changing your coding style is not easy if you’re used to
something.

old: – a tab is 2 spaces
new: – a tab is a tab, we set it to the width of 2, but feel free to
configure your editor to show it as 3, 4, 8, whatever.

- A function is written like:
function something(param, param) {
//some code
}

- An if statement is written like:
if ($this == $that) {
} elseif ($this > $that) {
} else {
}

- Use spaces to separate:
$x .= $y . ‘hello’; instead of $x.=$y.’hello’;
exceptions are (for readability):
- $array = array(‘key’=>’value’, ‘key2′=>’value2′);
- for ($i=1; $i<=10; $i++) {
- function myFunction($a=’default’, $b=’foobar’) {

o) Naming conventions:

- PHP itself is *very* inconsistent about the naming:
isset() but is_string() => underscore or not,
strtolower but bin2hex => to or 2,
create_function but str_shuffle => verb object, object verb,
strpos(haystack, needle) but in_array(needle, haystack) => order of param
so let’s do it better.

- Use studly caps (first letter of each word capitalized (but not the
first one), otherwise lower case, no underscores) for vars, functions
(methods), lists, anything that needs a unique name.
class names go like ‘Bs_SomeClass’.
vars/functions/objects/db-names are started lowercase, class
names/db-table names are started uppercase:
$someVarName instead of $some_var_name
someFunctionName() instead of some_function_name()
SomeObject instead of some_object
this especially also applies for short forms:
$someDbTable instead of $someDBTable
$someHtmlString instead of $someHTMLString

It is easier to read, and you can be sure how it was written. We think
it’s better from experience. (An exception is the table field name/term
ID because of a naming convention.)

Often it is hard to decide if a word is made up of multiple words.

These words are considered being one word, not two, and thus have
no capital:
- username (not userName)
- password (not passWord)
- blueshoes (not blueShoes)

These words are considered being two words and thus have a capital:
- fileName (not filename)
- passPhraze (not passphraze)
- dateTime (not datetime)

A few other writings:
- email (not eMail or so, because someEmail will work while
someeMail or someEmail or someEMail would break the rules.)

Please avoid something like ‘$conn1′ (‘$conn2′, ‘$conn3′ …) because
you cannot see if it was $conn1 or $connl. See what i mean? (one or
a small L, depending on the font)

- Don’t use the fancy way pdf2html. It’s kinda breaking the studly
caps rule. it would be pdf2Html and then it’s not that readable
anymore because both ’2′ and ‘H’ are “upper case”. So always use
pdfToHtml.

- Use verb object, not object verb. So makeObject(), not objectMake().

- If in doubt, use java syntax/style.

o) Learn the difference between == and === and != and !==. Read the manual
and check http://www.blueshoes.org/en/developer/php_cheat_sheet/

o) Passing by reference: Our code needs to be compatible with PHP 4 and 5.
PHP5 passes all objects by reference while PHP4 passes them by copy.
To make both versions behave the same way, do the following:
To pass by reference (99% of all cases):
function foo(&$theObject, $theInteger) {
…
}
foo($someObject, 5);
To pass by value (1% of all cases):
function foo($theObject, $theInteger) {
…
}
$copyOfObject = bs_clone($someObject);
foo($copyOfObject, 5);

o) Private vars and methods start with an underscore.
_foo is a private var, foo is a public var, _foo() is a private method
and foo() a public one.

o) In your classes, define all your public and private class vars using
var $something; or var $_something;
even if you don’t set a default value. It will help maintaining the code.

o) Document while you code. Please document (phpdoc, like javadoc) your
functions, classes, methods, even class vars. I know that coders are
always in a hurry. But it will save a lot of time in the end!

It looks like this:
/**
* What the function does in one line.
* Here goes some more detailed description on 0-n lines, if needed.
* @access [public|static|pseudostatic]
* @param [string|int|double|bool|array|object|mixed] $paramName desc
* @return datatype description
* @throws [bs_exception|bool FALSE|NULL...]
* @see someFunction(), var someVar
* @todo description
* @since bs4.1, php4.3 (comma separated list)
* @status stable|experimental (if not set then considered stable)
* @pattern singleton|factory|mvc|observer|facade|…
*/
function something() {
}

For variables the @var keyword is used instead of @param:
/**
* Some internally used var.
* @access private
* @var bool $someStatus
* @see setSomeStatus()
*/
var $_someStatus = FALSE;

The description may include HTML, but please avoid it on the first line.

#@pattern singleton means that the constructor returns a reference
#to an already existing instance, if there is one.

o) Write ecg classes for your code. They will serve other coders
as examples and make the code more safe. Especially when it is
installed on other os’es, when new php/apache/mysql/… versions come
out etc. See naming for a definition of ecg.
The classes are in subfolders named ‘ecg’, for an example have a look
at core/util/ecg/Bs_String_PhpUnit.class.php

o) Don’t eat junk food and never drink Red Bull at night. Pizza is ok.

o) Don’t use underscores _ in databases (table names, field names).
They are reserved for relations (foreign key by naming convention).
Don’t use the numbers 2, 3 and 4 inside of db table names. They are
reserved for the same reason.

o) Associative arrays are called ‘hash’, zero-based arrays are called
‘vector’. Please use these terms. Undefined arrays are called ‘array’.

o) Use the term ‘function’ for ‘structured’ procedural code. Use the term
‘method’ for functions inside classes. Don’t use the terms ‘procedures’,
‘subs’, ‘routines’ etc.
sam: “methods are verbs, classes are substantives.”

o) When you return inside a switch or something, write the break too.
example:
switch ($x) {
case ‘hello’:
return TRUE;
break;
}
This way it will be harder for someone to ‘implement’ bugs into your code.

o) Avoid buggy code. For example if you’re not 100% sure that a var is
an array, do is_array(), sizeOf($array) and such.

o) To be PHP4 compatible instead of using try-catch use the do-while(FALSE)
try-catch code, something like:
do { // try block
$isOk = someFunction();
if (!$isOk) break;
$isOk = otherFunction();
if (!$isOk) break;
//…
$isOk = TRUE; //everything worked
} while (FALSE);
if ($isOk) echo ‘yeah’;

o) Form your var declaration blocks etc in a nice way: (note the extra
spaces)
$a = ‘hello’;
$bbbb = ‘world’;
$cccccccc = ‘foobar’;

o) Mostly use foreach instead of while-list to loop arrays. See sam’s
php-bench: http://www.blueshoes.org/en/developer/php_bench/

Note: there are also, and i like them (andrej)
while (list($k,) = each($a)) {
while (list(,$v) = each($a)) {

o) Magic_quotes_gpc was a good idea to prevent sql injection.
Unfortunately this feature can be turned on or off, was on in
previous PHP releases and is turned off by default now. This makes
the situation for libraries and released software a lot harder
which has to work with different configurations.
Check your php.ini, look for “magic_quotes_gpc”. It
should be set to Off, not On. (magic_quotes_gpc = Off)
BlueShoes fixes this by checking magic_quotes_gpc, and if it is on,
it goes and undo’es the changes in _REQUEST, _GET, _POST and _COOKIE
see bs_undoMagicQuotes().
Note that there is other software around that does the opposite.

o) Make sure your code runs error free even if warnings and notices are
enabled.

o) Use the new superglobals (_GET, _POST etc), make sure your code works
if register_globals turned off. And we highly recommend to set
register_globals to off.

o) JavaScript classes are named like in php, for example
“Bs_FormFieldSelect.class.js”. If it’s a lib then it goes like
Bs_FormFieldSelect.lib.js. A lib is simply a collection of functions
for a special task, so not oo-code.

o) If you change something in code someone else maintains (and/or you’re
not in the @author of the class or the function) then add your comments
along with the date and your name, example:
someCode(); //i did this because of that. 2002/10/16 –yourname

o) Don’t add email addresses in plain text. Even the phpdoc comments in
the code get indexed, and thus could be spidered by email crawlers.
Please use “” which makes it a bit harder to parse.

o) Naming (Glossary)

ecg ElectroCardioGram
In the code base you’ll find many subdirectories with that
name. There are php code files that test our code. we
thought calling them just ‘test’ would not give them the
honor they deserve, and prolly someone would just delete
them. The ecg tests show a sysadmin very fast what’s not
working (anymore) on his system, for example after the
installation or after a php upgrade or whatever.

whtml wysiwyg html. It’s a mime type in blueshoes. It means that
the block [part] may be edited using wysiwyg. So it’s not
xml compliant. A synonym would be “crappy html”.

URL: (see Bs_Url.class.php and its methods)
scheme://user:pass@host:port/path?query#fragment
example: url https://bill:gates@order.blue-shoes.com:81/forms/
form.php?lang=fr&sid=456456#address
scheme = https
host = order.blue-shoes.com
port = 81
user = bill
pass = gates
path = /forms/form.php
query = lang=fr&sid=456456
fragment = address
domain = blue-shoes.com
directory = /forms/
file = form.php

xpv stands for xPointer vector. Match always returns an array, so xp
is always an array, maybe an empty one.

UID Unified ID.

Shortly, it is a 3D world inside your pc. This is really nice and interesting tool for your boring pc. Just imagine.. you can fly between your files.. your documents.. even your pictures..

This project came to me with really nice ideas. I am glad to talk about TDFSB because it has been coded 6 years ago. A developer [Leander Seige - i hope this is true] coded this tools with simple code in first time. But now just take a look at it. He and some other developers are came with new ideas.

I have run this tool with my system which is Ubuntu Hardy 8.04 and of course to run TDFSB nicely, you gonna need a hardware accelerated 3d graphic card. While walking arround your documents you can also listen mp3s or you can watch some of your video files.

As i mentioned in the beginning part of my post  this tools gave me a couple of nice ideas. Since companies are producing more efficient graphic cards and CPU’s .. i am just asking that why there is no 3D browser for real..

Of course TDFSB comes with some bad sides such as;

1. Not very practical
2. Bad graphics
3. Few video file type support
4. Big work load on CPU
5. Over 1000 files, really long warping time
6. Bad accesibility
7. some more…..

There are many good sides as well.

How to install

It is really simple.

sudo apt-get install tdfsb

Just run this command on terminal.

There you go…

Now you are able to run this tool by using the termianal. Type tdfsb in terminal and enjoy..

Here is a print out of the default keyboard settings.
You may change these by editing ~/.tdfsb

=======================================

Esc           quit                  F1/F2    speed +/-
Mouse move    look          F3/F4      rot +/-
UP         forward               F5/F6  ball detail
DOWN      backward          HOME     start pos
L/R     step aside             LMB  select object
END    ground zero          +RMB|CTRL appr.obj
F7/F8  max fps  +/-          +ENTER ply mpg/mp3
“t”      filenames               “g”   ground cross
“c”      crosshair                 “d”        display
“.”      dot files                    “p”      print FPS
“r” rel./get mouse              “f”     fullscreen
“l”     reload dir                  “b”   image bricks
“u”           cd..                   “a”      alphasort
“m”        shading               ” “         flying
“h”      show help               “i”  print GL info
“0″      jump home            “o”    classic nav
“s”    save config               “#”   fps throttle

“1|3|q|e”            Up|Down|Left|Right
“2|w”                  Forward|Backward
PgUp/Down or MMB+Mouse move up/downward
=======================================

it is possible to execute a custom command from within tdfsb. configure
your command in the config file! the command can be called by pressing
the tabulator key. put a “%s” in the command line, this will be replaced
by the current directory or selected file.
for instance if you set the command to
xmms “%s” &
and press tab from a directory, xmms will be started with the directory
given as argument.
if you select an audio file and press the tab key xmms will play the file.
the default command is
cd “%s”; xterm&
it will open a xterm in the current directory.
this command is always present by pressing shift+tab!
so you have two commands:
- one by configuring your custom command for the tab key
- one by pressing shift+tab, it will execute the built in xterm call
but dont forget the quotation marks!
you are free to not add “%s” to your custom command if you just
want to launch any program. but if you do so, you can customize
tdfsb for your needs, choose a certain kind of files and than launch
emacs for editing text files, mplayer for playing avis or whatever…

Have Fun…

Project Web Site

Dogan günes herkese farklı bir hediye sunar hüzünlerde mutluluklar verir ya da mutlulkukların icinde acıyı tattırır sana..ne mutluluklarını elinden kacır ne de acılarına boynu bük..Bazen hüzünlerinin kalbine yansıyan zamanında; acı bir sızıya gözbeklerindeki masum gözyasları eşlik eder; bazen de mutluluklarının resmine renk renk cicek hükmündeki gülüşlerin eklenir..

Her cicekte sana sunulmak üzere bir mutluluk vardır.Acelyaların mutlulukları, güllerin tatlı sevgisi ve lalerin ise gülüşleri vardır senin kalbini bekleyen..Onlar senin hediyelerindir.Seni aramazlar sen bulmasın onları…

Bu hayat yolcugunda gittgin yer önemli degildir aslında; sadece bu yolculuktaki sonsuz beklentilerindir önemli olan..kazandıkların, her zaman kaybettiklerinden cok olmalı ;mutlulukların ise hüzünlere her zaman galip olarak ayrılmalı..ögrendigin güzellikler, kaybettigin hüzünleri aratmayacak olmalı..Yüzündeki gülüşler gecmiste acılara hediye ettigin gözyaslarından daha güzeldir..Farklı bir zamanda farklı sabahlara uyanacaksın..

Hayat bir sınavdır.kaybedeni cok kazanını ise cok az ama sen her zaman kazanacaksın bu gözlerindeki yasama sevinciyle dolu iken..belki de bu sınavın ödülü senin gülüşlerindir …Acıların hüzünleri ve sevinclerin senin hayattan kazandırlarındır.Acılarda gözyası keder cekerken bunu nasıl kazanc olarak görürüm kalbime dersen sana cevabım ; hüzünlerindeki gözyasların yarınlarındaki mutlulukların habericisidir aslında…gözyasların ıslaktır ama bil ki yarınlarındaki mutlulukların günes kadar sıcak olacaktır. Yalnızlıkların ve dertlerin her zaman siyah ve soguktur .Ama gelecekteki bir gün ( bu gün belki de yarından önce bu gece de olabilir) yasayacıgın mutlulukların ne kadar rengarenk ve de ne kadar samimi oldugu ve gözlerin ne kadar ısıl ısıl parladagına sende sasıracaksın.icinde o kadar samimi mutluluklar var ki saklı kalan..Onlar bi gün bir yerde tam senin ihtiyac anında avuclarında olacaktır..

Dikenler her zaman güllerle anılacaktır…Gülü koprarırken dikeni senin avuclarrını kanatsa da bir süre sonra güllün bülbülün bile övdügü büyüsüne kapılacaktır yüregin..Aynı gül misali gibi kelebek ömürlü hüzünlerinde gözbebeklerinden süzülen gözyaslarını silerken o gözyaslarının bir gün sana binlerce mutluluklarınla avucları süzülecegini bilmek ne güzeldir degil mi ?

Yasadıgın dakikalar aslında bir kalemdir kalemin rengi senin kalbindeki hayata baktıgın pencerenin hangi rengin icinde boyandıgına baglı..Hayatının beyaz defterinin satır aralarına bazen buruk ama umutlu yalnızlıklarını yazacaksın bazen de mutlulukların güzel anlarına gülüşlerin en güzel rengini cizeceksin..ve de acılarının dayanılmaz yükünü yazarken satırlara belki gözbebeklerinin masum gözyaslarını eklenecektir ıslak ıslak..

Eger sen gözlerini kaptatırsan günese..dünyanın en güzel renklerini bir anda elinin tersiyle itersin ama sen gözlerin kapalıyken günes her zaman ısıklarıyla insanlara aydınlı olmaya ve de umut dağıtmaya devam edecektir.Eger sen gözlerindeki mutlulukları değerini bilmeden acılara boyun bükersen hayat her ne kadar etrafına mutluluk perilerini de yollasa sen her zaman yalnızlıgın kahırlı sokaklarında gözyaslarnla dolasırsın…

Hayatının her dakikasında dünyayın tüm mutlulukların en güzel renkleri elllerine cicek buketi olarak verilsin..Yarınlarındaki umutların ise nakıs nakıs kalbine armagan edilsin Sakın unutma: hayat seninle güzel ve kısa ama hayatın en güzel yanı kısa zamanda en güzel mutlulukları tadma sansın var.Bu sans senin elinde..Bu sans senin gözbebeklerin icindeki masumiyette…